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The Upper Amazon: Where life has found its richest expression

There is a place where the Amazon meets the Andes, where forests climb the lower slopes of mountains before giving way to the mists of the cloud forests. To stand there is to feel the weight of two great worlds converging. The immensity of the Amazon basin stretches out below, while above, the Andes rise in sheer defiance. In this meeting ground—across Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia—life has found its richest expression.

The numbers alone are striking. Thousands of plant species, brilliantly patterned insects, frogs still unknown to science, and birds found nowhere else share this space. Walking a trail here, the experience is rarely showy but always layered: Pause by a tree trunk and you begin to notice camouflaged insects, tiny lizards, mosses, and fungi — life quietly going about its business. The air is thick with humidity and the earthy scent of wet soil and leaves. Every walk brings some small surprise, a reminder of the forest’s endless variety and its habit of revealing itself differently each time.

 

Yet the wonder of these forests is matched by their vulnerability. Chainsaws bite into their edges, opening scars that spread like cracks in a mirror. Roads carve corridors into once-intact landscapes. Climate change shifts rainfall and temperature in ways that stress species finely tuned to their niches. Scientists warn that even small disruptions here can ripple widely, unraveling the delicate balance that makes this region the most biodiverse on Earth.

The peril feels especially stark because of what is at stake. These foothill forests are not just havens of wildlife. They regulate water flowing into vast river systems, stabilize soils, and store carbon that would otherwise accelerate climate breakdown. For numerous Indigenous communities, they are also home, a source of sustenance, knowledge, and identity.

And still, for all the threats, the forest endures. Resilience here is not dramatic, but steady: Seedlings taking root in the shadows, cicadas calling with clockwork inevitability. Standing in these forests, you feel something older and wiser than yourself—a reminder that the world was never ours to own, only to witness and protect.

On Amazon Rainforest Day, it is worth pausing to remember places like this. They are living cathedrals of diversity, beauty, and power. To know them is to be changed by them. To lose them would be to forfeit one of Earth’s greatest wonders.

By Rhett Ayers Butler

Rhett Ayers Butler is the Founder and CEO of Mongabay, a non-profit conservation and environmental science platform that delivers news and inspiration from Nature's frontline via a global network of local reporters. He started Mongabay in 1999 with the mission of raising interest in and appreciation of wild lands and wildlife.